Organic Chemistry Basics

Organic Chemistry Basics

Hydrocarbon- These are compound that contain Carbon and Hydrogen.


Meth- 1 Carbon
     Eth- 2 Carbon
Prop- 3 Carbon
But- 4 Carbon
Pent- 5 Carbon
Hex- 6 Carbon
Hept- 7 Carbon
Oct- 8 Carbon
Non- 9 Carbon
Dec- 10 Carbon
Andec- 11 Carbon
Dodec- 12 Carbon
Tridec- 13 Carbon

Priority List of Different Functional Group


SL No.
Name
Formula
Suffix
Prefix
1.
Carboxylic Acid
-COOH
Oic acid
carboxy
2.
Sulphonic Acid
-SO3H
Sulphonic acid
Thiol
3.
Ester
-COOR
Oate
Carbo alkoxy
4.
Acid Chloride
-COCL
Oyl chloride
Chloro formyl
5.
Acid Amide
-CONH2
Amide
Carbomoyl
6.
Nitrites
-R-C-N
Nitrites
Cyano
7.
Aldehyde
-CHO
Al
Formyl
8.
Ketone
-CO
One
Keto or oxo
9.
Alcohol
-OH
Ol
Hydroxy
10.
Amine
-N-
Amine
Amino
11.
Ether
-O-
Alkoxy alkane (ether)
Aenoxy
12.
Alkene
C=C
Ene
En
13.
Alkyne
C=C
Yne
Yn

Filling of Orbital’s in Atoms

1.   S=2
2.   P=6
3.   D=10
4.   F=14

Order to fill orbits are:- 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 4s, 3d, 4p, 5s, 4d, 5p, 6s, 4f, 5d, 6p, 7s, 5f, 6d, 7p,

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